"Lift Every Voice and Sing"
A Song that Unifies with the Promise of America
Unfortunately, Black History Month is regularly used as a way to divide us for political reasons. It usually works because most Americans aren’t taught black history. We may learn about some of the injustices against Black Americans, but I don’t recall learning of their endless accomplishments and exceptional determination that I have learned about the past ten years. From Black voices that love their country, I’ve learned of this seemingly lost history and is the primary reason why I named this blog after Augustus Tolton, the first Black Catholic priest. But know that those same voices understand the unique promises of America and only want them achieved for their community.
A more recent voice I’ve learned from is Julian Acciard. He recently published an article about the origin and meaning of the song “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” commonly referred to as the Black National Anthem. It will be played at the Super Bowl later today and I know many will be inspired while others will feel divided. But division was not the intention of the song. After reading his article, every American should embrace her history and be inspired by the lyrics of the song.
I have Julian’s permission to republish his exceptional article below. Enjoy.
Peace.
The Enduring Resonance of "Lift Every Voice and Sing": From Anthem to Cultural Beacon
by Julian Acciard
(Originally posted on X: https://x.com/JulianAcciard1/status/1887650522083017175)
In the annals of American history, few songs carry the weight of cultural significance as "Lift Every Voice and Sing." Originally penned by James Weldon Johnson in 1900, with music composed by his brother J. Rosamond Johnson, the song was adopted by the NAACP in 1919 as the "Negro Anthem" in celebration of Abraham Lincoln's birthday. Over time, as societal language and perceptions shifted, it became known colloquially as the "Black National Anthem," reflecting the evolving discourse on race and identity in America.
The Birth and Evolution of an Anthem
The song emerged from a time when Black Americans were fighting for recognition and rights in a society that systematically marginalized them. James Weldon Johnson wrote the lyrics to inspire African Americans in Jacksonville, Florida, where he was principal of a school. The poem was initially intended for a Lincoln birthday celebration, embodying themes of hope, resilience, and the quest for freedom.
Here are the poignant lyrics:
Lift every voice and sing, Till earth and heaven ring, Ring with the harmonies of Liberty; Let our rejoicing rise High as the listening skies, Let it resound loud as the rolling sea.
Sing a song full of the faith that the dark past has taught us, Sing a song full of the hope that the present has brought us; Facing the rising sun of our new day begun, Let us march on till victory is won.
Stony the road we trod, Bitter the chastening rod, Felt in the days when hope unborn had died; Yet with a steady beat, Have not our weary feet Come to the place for which our fathers sighed?
We have come over a way that with tears has been watered, We have come, treading our path through the blood of the slaughtered, Out from the gloomy past, Till now we stand at last Where the white gleam of our bright star is cast.
God of our weary years, God of our silent tears, Thou who hast brought us thus far on the way; Thou who hast by Thy might, Led us into the light, Keep us forever in the path, we pray.
Lest our feet stray from the places, our God, where we met Thee, Lest our hearts, drunk with the wine of the world, we forget Thee; Shadowed beneath Thy hand, May we forever stand, True to our God, True to our native land.
A Historical Context
The adoption of "Lift Every Voice and Sing" coincided with the efforts of Carter G. Woodson, who in 1926 launched Negro History Week, which later expanded into Black History Month. This initiative was a direct response to the "whitewashing" of history and the "Lost Cause" ideology which sought to glorify the Confederacy and downplay the brutality of slavery. Woodson's work was vital in highlighting the contributions of Black Americans to the nation's development, challenging the narratives that sought to marginalize Black history and culture.
Controversy and Cultural Impact
The song's designation as the "Black National Anthem" has sparked debate. Critics argue that this title might suggest a division rather than the unity the song's lyrics advocate. Timothy Askew, for instance, posits that the song should be seen as a universal call for freedom and justice, not just for one group. On the other hand, conservative voices have sometimes viewed its prominence as diminishing the status of "The Star-Spangled Banner," which became the official U.S. national anthem in 1931.
However, its cultural impact has been undeniable. From its use during the Civil Rights Movement to its performance by artists like James Brown, Melba Moore, and Alicia Keys, "Lift Every Voice and Sing" has been a beacon of hope and pride. Its significance was dramatically underscored during the 2020 protests following George Floyd's murder, where it was sung at demonstrations, symbolizing a call for justice and reform.
In Modern Times
The song's integration into mainstream American culture, especially in sports, has been notable. In 2020, the NFL decided to include "Lift Every Voice and Sing" in pre-game ceremonies, reflecting a broader acknowledgment of racial justice issues. This move, while celebrated by some, was seen by others as performative, highlighting the complexities of cultural representation in America's most popular sports.
Political Landscape and Cultural Symbolism
The narrative around "Lift Every Voice and Sing" also intersects with broader political discussions. The song has been invoked in political rhetoric, particularly in discourses about unity, identity, and the fight against systemic racism. Donald Trump, for instance, has been advised to engage more directly with minority communities, using platforms like rallies to not just garner support but to activate new voters, potentially shifting political landscapes if these efforts are sustained and sincere.
The critique often extends to how both major political parties have historically managed issues affecting underrepresented communities. There's an argument that both parties have, in different ways, contributed to the neglect of rural and urban areas, focusing on voter loyalty rather than addressing deep-seated issues like poverty, education, and infrastructure.
Conclusion
"Lift Every Voice and Sing" stands not just as a song but as a historical document of Black American resilience and aspiration. Its melody and words continue to inspire, challenge, and unite, embodying the fight for civil rights and the never-ending journey towards true equality in America. Its cultural journey from a local school celebration to a national anthem of sorts for the Black community underscores the dynamic nature of cultural symbols in shaping and reflecting societal values and struggles.